TOPOGRAPHY
__________________
Salient Physical Features and Land Use Pattern
_____This district is divided in to three zones according to its soil condition .
| 1. Saline Soil, |
2. Alluvial Soil |
3. Sandy Soil. |
_____This district is naturally divided into two well-designed tracks.
| 1.The salt tracks along the coasts which is not arable |
2.The arable track, which is called the granary of the state |
______As per the agro climatic condition of the district the areas may be divided into four zones.
| a) Rain fed Zone, |
b) Perennial irrigated Zone, |
c) Flooded Zone |
d) Saline Zone. |
Forests
______There are 5 types of forests in the Bhadrak district. The details of the same are as follows :
| Type of Forest |
Area inSq. Kms. |
| Reserve Forests |
Nil |
| Demarcated Protected Forest |
3.96 |
| Un demarcated Forest |
32.98 |
| Un Classified Forest |
0.01 |
| Other Forests |
60.12 |
Climate and Rainfall
_____The climate of this district is generally hot with high humidity. May is usually hottest month. Occurrence of a large number of fire accidents is a regular feature of the district during summer. December is the coldest month of this district. Monsoon generally comes during the month of June. The rainfall during June to October constitutes at least 75% of the actual rainfall of this district. Average rainfall of the district for last eight years (1994 - 2001) is given below.
| Year |
Average Rain Fall (in mm.) |
| 1994 |
1422.62 |
| 1995 |
1496.15 |
| 1996 |
1158.03 |
| 1997 |
1707.28 |
| 1998 |
1207.00 |
| 1999 |
2183.00 |
| 2000 |
812.00 |
| 2001 |
1630.00 |
| 2002 |
1055.00 |
| 2003 |
2055.00 |
| 2004 |
1437.00 |
| 2005 |
1685.00 |
| 2006 |
1350.40 |
| 2007 |
1440.5 |
| 2008 |
1553.5 |
| 2009 |
1616.0 |
Annual Normal Rainfall - 1427.9 mm.
Temperature - Max. 48 Degree Celsius - Min. 17 Degree Celsius
Socio-Economic Features
______Agriculture is the main income of the district. But many people in the sea cost area (Dhamara, Chudamani of Basudevpur and Chandabali area of Chandabali Block) have depending upon the Fishing. Some people in the NAC and Municipality area have sound business of hotels and restaurants.
Agriculture and Cropping Pattern
_____The geographical area of the district is 2,46,529 ha. of which 1,85,970 comes under cultivable area. The paddy is grown as the main crop in Kharif covering 1,70,000 ha. which constitutes 94% of this total cultivable area. During Kharif season about 47% of cultivable area is rain fed and likely to remain exposed to the gambling monsoon and natural calamity. 9% of the cultivable area is up-land, 36% is medium land and 55% is low land.
| Types of Land |
Area in Ha. |
| Cultivable Area |
185970 |
| Total Paddy Area |
175080 |
| High Land Paddy Area |
9800 |
| Med. Land Paddy Area |
62153 |
| Low Land Paddy Area |
103127 |
Irrigation Potential
| |
Major & Medium |
Minor (Flow) |
Minor (Lift) |
| Kharif |
80,210 Hect |
1,270 Hect |
16,690 Hect |
| Rabi |
12000 Hect |
60 Hect |
10,010 Hect |
| Source |
Kharif Area in Ha. |
Rabi Area in Ha. |
| Salandi Irrigation |
48810 |
28485 |
| HLC |
19445 |
300 |
| MI Project |
1420 |
500 |
| LI Project |
5556 |
4700 |
| ST Wells |
7347 |
5323 |
| Dug Wells |
|
32 |
| Million Wel |
|
l 29 |
| Creeks |
5618 |
4968 |
| Other Sources |
7920 |
9883 |
| Total |
96120 |
54220 |
River System and Dams
______The major part of the district come under the river system of the Baitarani, Salandi, Gamei, Kansabans, Mantei, Kochila, Genguti, Reba and Kapali. The rivers are seasonal and during the rainy season they spate and create havoc for the people of the district and the countryside crop. So the Govt. machinery frequently remains alert and busy in rescue and relief operation. The table below indicates the information on the River Gauges.
| Name of the River |
Location |
Warning Level |
Danger Level |
| Baitarani |
Akhuapada |
50.00 Ft |
58.50 Ft. (17.83 Mtr.) |
| Salandi |
Rajghat |
8.50 Ft. |
10.00 Ft |
| Genguti |
Gandhighat |
10.85 Mtr. |
11.15 Mtr. |